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| - | This page describes how to | + | This page describes how to create a MeeGo installation suitable for dual-booting with Maemo on the Nokia N900, using [http://sourceforge.net/projects/u-boot/ u-boot]. Currently this process is the only way to dual-boot on the device without requiring another computer. It is not very user friendly and is only provided as a stop-gap until packaged Maemo software replaces it. <strong>Users follow these instructions at their own risk</strong> |
==WARNING== | ==WARNING== | ||
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==Prerequisites== | ==Prerequisites== | ||
| - | * an N900 and | + | * an N900 and microUSB cable. This was tested with Maemo PR1.2 but should work in principle with PR1.3 |
* a microSD card (at least 2GB in size) | * a microSD card (at least 2GB in size) | ||
| - | * computer to build MeeGo. | + | * a computer to build MeeGo. For absolute compatability a CPU supporting SSSE3 is recommended but in practice for the ARM build, any MIC2 supported x86 Linux distirubtion will do. The examples here use Fedora 13. See [http://wiki.meego.com/Image_Creation_For_Beginners the beginners guide to image creation], [http://wiki.meego.com/Image_Creation the general image creation guide for background/supported environments] and in particular [http://wiki.meego.com/ARM/Creating_ARM_image_using_MeeGo_Image_Creator the image creation for ARM documentation] |
==Procedure== | ==Procedure== | ||
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===Overview=== | ===Overview=== | ||
| - | Due to various kexec problems and a lack of btrfs filesystem support in the Maemo kernel, the only way to dual boot Maemo and MeeGo currently is to chain-load kernels from an initial boot. For this we use u-boot. | + | Due to various kexec problems and a lack of btrfs filesystem support in the Maemo kernel, the only way to dual boot Maemo and MeeGo currently is to chain-load kernels from an initial boot. For this we use [http://sourceforge.net/projects/u-boot/ u-boot], which is a capable and cross-platform bootloader. Once u-boot is flashed onto the device, at first boot it looks for a bootable vfat partition & image on the SD card. If it finds one, it boots that (MeeGo), if it does not, it boots Maemo as normal. This is not destructive to either operating system but as it does involve replacing the default boot kernel on the device <strong>it is only recommended for those who know how to recover their device if it goes wrong</strong>. |
===Create MeeGo image suitable for use with u-boot=== | ===Create MeeGo image suitable for use with u-boot=== | ||
| - | + | The following assumes familiarity with MIC2 see the full [http://wiki.meego.com/ARM/Creating_ARM_image_using_MeeGo_Image_Creator ARM image creation documentation] for specifics. u-boot requires a <tt>vfat</tt> partition on which to install its kernel image and currently the default N900 MeeGo build doesn't have one so we must make our own. This is achieved as follows: | |
| - | 1. On the build host, install | + | 1. On the build host, install u-boot: |
<pre> | <pre> | ||
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3. Build the image as normal, and <tt>dd</tt> to the target microSD card as normal. | 3. Build the image as normal, and <tt>dd</tt> to the target microSD card as normal. | ||
| - | 4. Boot the MeeGo image and verify that the partition layout is correct and that the | + | 4. Boot the MeeGo image and verify that the partition layout is correct and that the u-boot image was successfully created. Once you are happy, boot back into Maemo and note your kernel version with a <tt>dpkg -l | grep kernel</tt> as root. |
| - | === Prepare | + | === Prepare u-boot kernel image for flasher === |
| - | 1. On your build host, install <tt>dpkg</tt> | + | 1. On your build host, install <tt>dpkg</tt> if your build host doesn't natively support it (i.e. on RPM-based distributions), for example: |
<pre> | <pre> | ||
sudo yum -y install dpkg | sudo yum -y install dpkg | ||
| - | |||
Setting up Install Process | Setting up Install Process | ||
Resolving Dependencies | Resolving Dependencies | ||
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Complete! | Complete! | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
| + | |||
| + | 2. Download the Maemo kernel package that matches <strong>exactly</strong> your running Maemo kernel.[http://repository.maemo.org/pool/maemo5.0/free/k/kernel/ packages are available from here]. | ||
| - | + | 3. Unpack the kernel package: <tt>cd /tmp && dpkg-deb -x kernel_2.6.28-20101501+0m5_armel.deb maemo_kernel</tt> | |
| - | + | ||
| - | 3. Unpack the kernel package: <tt>dpkg-deb -x kernel_2.6.28-20101501+0m5_armel.deb maemo_kernel</tt> | + | |
4. Extract the kernel image from the fiasco flasher file: | 4. Extract the kernel image from the fiasco flasher file: | ||
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</pre> | </pre> | ||
| - | 6. Download [http://al.robotfuzz.com/~al/maemo/u-boot/u-boot.bin u-boot.bin] and [http://al.robotfuzz.com/~al/maemo/u-boot/builder.py builder.py] and run | + | 6. Download [http://al.robotfuzz.com/~al/maemo/u-boot/u-boot.bin u-boot.bin] and [http://al.robotfuzz.com/~al/maemo/u-boot/builder.py builder.py] and run the builder python script. That process will then create an image suitable for flashing the N900 with the flasher tool: |
<pre> | <pre> | ||
| - | + | $ wget http://al.robotfuzz.com/~al/maemo/u-boot/u-boot.bin | |
--2010-10-26 12:56:33-- http://al.robotfuzz.com/~al/maemo/u-boot/u-boot.bin | --2010-10-26 12:56:33-- http://al.robotfuzz.com/~al/maemo/u-boot/u-boot.bin | ||
| - | + | Connecting to al.robotfuzz.com:80... connected. | |
| - | Connecting to al.robotfuzz.com | + | |
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK | HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK | ||
Length: 167192 (163K) [application/octet-stream] | Length: 167192 (163K) [application/octet-stream] | ||
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2010-10-26 12:56:34 (288 KB/s) - “u-boot.bin” saved [167192/167192] | 2010-10-26 12:56:34 (288 KB/s) - “u-boot.bin” saved [167192/167192] | ||
| - | + | $ wget http://al.robotfuzz.com/~al/maemo/u-boot/builder.py | |
--2010-10-26 12:56:42-- http://al.robotfuzz.com/~al/maemo/u-boot/builder.py | --2010-10-26 12:56:42-- http://al.robotfuzz.com/~al/maemo/u-boot/builder.py | ||
| - | + | Connecting to al.robotfuzz.com:80... connected. | |
| - | Connecting to al.robotfuzz.com | + | |
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK | HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK | ||
Length: 456 [text/plain] | Length: 456 [text/plain] | ||
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2010-10-26 12:56:42 (33.7 MB/s) - “builder.py” saved [456/456] | 2010-10-26 12:56:42 (33.7 MB/s) - “builder.py” saved [456/456] | ||
| - | + | $ python builder.py | |
0x28d18 0x1aa4c0 | 0x28d18 0x1aa4c0 | ||
| - | + | $ ls -l combined.bin | |
-rw-r--r--. 1 steph users 2008256 Oct 26 12:56 combined.bin | -rw-r--r--. 1 steph users 2008256 Oct 26 12:56 combined.bin | ||
[steph@builder tmp]$ | [steph@builder tmp]$ | ||
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===Test the uboot kernel=== | ===Test the uboot kernel=== | ||
| - | Simply test the new kernel as you would any other | + | Simply test the new kernel as you would any other MeeGo build. With a microSD card inserted in the N900 flashing the image (e.g. <tt>flasher-3.5 -b -l -k /tmp/combined.bin</tt>) should boot into MeeGo. If the microSD card is then removed, flashing the same kernel should boot into Maemo instead. |
This page describes how to create a MeeGo installation suitable for dual-booting with Maemo on the Nokia N900, using u-boot. Currently this process is the only way to dual-boot on the device without requiring another computer. It is not very user friendly and is only provided as a stop-gap until packaged Maemo software replaces it. Users follow these instructions at their own risk
Contents |
This feature is currently experimental and intended for experienced users only. Several commands here are dangerous if executed incorrectly and may damage your Maemo installation or your N900. If you are unfamiliar with image creation, the flasher and MeeGo you are strongly advised not to proceed any further.
Due to various kexec problems and a lack of btrfs filesystem support in the Maemo kernel, the only way to dual boot Maemo and MeeGo currently is to chain-load kernels from an initial boot. For this we use u-boot, which is a capable and cross-platform bootloader. Once u-boot is flashed onto the device, at first boot it looks for a bootable vfat partition & image on the SD card. If it finds one, it boots that (MeeGo), if it does not, it boots Maemo as normal. This is not destructive to either operating system but as it does involve replacing the default boot kernel on the device it is only recommended for those who know how to recover their device if it goes wrong.
The following assumes familiarity with MIC2 see the full ARM image creation documentation for specifics. u-boot requires a vfat partition on which to install its kernel image and currently the default N900 MeeGo build doesn't have one so we must make our own. This is achieved as follows:
1. On the build host, install u-boot:
sudo yum -y install uboot-tools Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package uboot-tools.i686 0:2010.03-1.fc13 set to be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =========================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =========================================================================================================== Installing: uboot-tools i686 2010.03-1.fc13 updates 97 k Transaction Summary =========================================================================================================== Install 1 Package(s) Total download size: 97 k Installed size: 264 k Downloading Packages: uboot-tools-2010.03-1.fc13.i686.rpm | 97 kB 00:00 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : uboot-tools-2010.03-1.fc13.i686 1/1 Installed: uboot-tools.i686 0:2010.03-1.fc13 Complete!
2. Download and edit the kickstart you wish to build from. The kickstart must be modified to create the new partition and also to generate a u-boot image of the MeeGo kernel. The changes look like this:
diff -ruN daily-testing.ks daily-testingwithvfat.ks
--- daily-testing.ks 2010-10-20 08:00:08.000000000 +0100
+++ daily-testingwithvfat.ks 2010-10-25 14:40:04.000000000 +0100
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
# device as root partition, but currently we do not want to do changes to the
# N900 internal memories (emmc or nand).
part swap --size=256 --ondisk mmcblk0p --fstype=swap
+part /boot --size=64 --ondisk mmcblk0p --fstype=vfat
rootpw meego
xconfig --startxonboot
@@ -113,4 +114,9 @@
if [ -n "$IMG_NAME" ]; then
echo "BUILD: $IMG_NAME" >> $INSTALL_ROOT/etc/meego-release
fi
+
+# required for dual-boot support
+mkimage -A arm -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 80008000 -e 80008000 -n vmlinuz -d $INSTALL_ROOT/boot/vmlinuz* $INSTALL_ROOT/boot/uImage
+
+
%end
3. Build the image as normal, and dd to the target microSD card as normal.
4. Boot the MeeGo image and verify that the partition layout is correct and that the u-boot image was successfully created. Once you are happy, boot back into Maemo and note your kernel version with a dpkg -l | grep kernel as root.
1. On your build host, install dpkg if your build host doesn't natively support it (i.e. on RPM-based distributions), for example:
sudo yum -y install dpkg Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package dpkg.i686 0:1.15.5.6-4.fc13 set to be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================================================================ Installing: dpkg i686 1.15.5.6-4.fc13 fedora 1.0 M Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================================================================ Install 1 Package(s) Total download size: 1.0 M Installed size: 5.2 M Downloading Packages: dpkg-1.15.5.6-4.fc13.i686.rpm | 1.0 MB 00:02 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : dpkg-1.15.5.6-4.fc13.i686 1/1 Installed: dpkg.i686 0:1.15.5.6-4.fc13 Complete!
2. Download the Maemo kernel package that matches exactly your running Maemo kernel.packages are available from here.
3. Unpack the kernel package: cd /tmp && dpkg-deb -x kernel_2.6.28-20101501+0m5_armel.deb maemo_kernel
4. Extract the kernel image from the fiasco flasher file:
flasher-3.5 -F maemo_kernel/boot/zImage-2.6.28-20101501+0m5.fiasco -u flasher v2.5.2 (Oct 21 2009) Image 'kernel', size 1705 kB Version 2.6.28-20101501+0m5 Unpacking kernel image to file 'zImage'...
5. Make a u-boot image from the compressed kernel image:
[steph@builder tmp]$ mkimage -A arm -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 80008000 -e 80008000 -n meego -d zImage uImage Image Name: meego Created: Tue Oct 26 12:54:32 2010 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 1746048 Bytes = 1705.12 kB = 1.67 MB Load Address: 80008000 Entry Point: 80008000
6. Download u-boot.bin and builder.py and run the builder python script. That process will then create an image suitable for flashing the N900 with the flasher tool:
$ wget http://al.robotfuzz.com/~al/maemo/u-boot/u-boot.bin --2010-10-26 12:56:33-- http://al.robotfuzz.com/~al/maemo/u-boot/u-boot.bin Connecting to al.robotfuzz.com:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 167192 (163K) [application/octet-stream] Saving to: “u-boot.bin” 100%[=================================================================>] 167,192 288K/s in 0.6s 2010-10-26 12:56:34 (288 KB/s) - “u-boot.bin” saved [167192/167192] $ wget http://al.robotfuzz.com/~al/maemo/u-boot/builder.py --2010-10-26 12:56:42-- http://al.robotfuzz.com/~al/maemo/u-boot/builder.py Connecting to al.robotfuzz.com:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 456 [text/plain] Saving to: “builder.py” 100%[=================================================================>] 456 --.-K/s in 0s 2010-10-26 12:56:42 (33.7 MB/s) - “builder.py” saved [456/456] $ python builder.py 0x28d18 0x1aa4c0 $ ls -l combined.bin -rw-r--r--. 1 steph users 2008256 Oct 26 12:56 combined.bin [steph@builder tmp]$
This image is now ready for flashing.
Simply test the new kernel as you would any other MeeGo build. With a microSD card inserted in the N900 flashing the image (e.g. flasher-3.5 -b -l -k /tmp/combined.bin) should boot into MeeGo. If the microSD card is then removed, flashing the same kernel should boot into Maemo instead.
Before undergoing this step make absolutely sure you understand the risks and know how to revert should something go wrong
To make the changes permanent flash the image thus: flasher-3.5 -f -R -k /tmp/combined.bin.