SDK/Docs/1.0/Packaging/Tutorial

Revision as of 12:16, 26 May 2010

Introduction

MeeGo uses RPM as the package format. After you finish your application development work, you need to make a RPM package to publish it. This page will introduce a tutorial to create RPM package with MeeGo SDK and tools. To generate MeeGo adapted RPM packages, the MeeGo Packaging Guideline should be followed. This page will provides a simple tutorial to create a MeeGo rpm package for an OpenGL application called "textures", which is an example in Qt demo.

Preparation

The textures is one example of Qt demo and included in qt-examples package. The project is at /usr/lib/qt4/example/opengl/textures.

• Copy it to a separate folder $workspace as an stand alone project. You can do it either in MeeGo SDK chroot or normal Linux machine with qt-examples installed.

cp -a /usr/lib/qt4/example/opengl/textures $workspace/textures-0.0.1

• Add an icon for the appilcation. We reuse an image inside the project as the application icon.

cp images/side6.png textures.png

• Add a desktop file so we can find the application from MeeGo applications panel.

vi textures.desktop

with following contents:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=QtDemoTextures
Comment=Qt Demo Textures
Exec=textures
Categories=Development;
Icon=textures
Type=Application
Terminal=false
StartupNotify=true

• Edit the $workspace/textures-0.0.1/textures.pro to remove some defines for Qt Example and add icon, desktop installation. The contents will be:

HEADERS       = glwidget.h \
                window.h
SOURCES       = glwidget.cpp \
                main.cpp \
                window.cpp
RESOURCES     = textures.qrc
QT           += opengl

# install
#target.path = $$[QT_INSTALL_EXAMPLES]/opengl/textures
#sources.files = $$SOURCES $$HEADERS $$RESOURCES $$FORMS textures.pro images
#sources.path = $$[QT_INSTALL_EXAMPLES]/opengl/textures
target.path = /usr/bin
icon.files = textures.png
icon.path = /usr/share/icons
desktop.files = textures.desktop
desktop.path = /usr/share/applications

INSTALLS += target icon desktop

• If you want to test, we can move the whole folder into MeeGo SDK chroot environment, build, debug and test it.

qmake
make
make install

• Clean up the project and create the source tarball, which is ready to do packaging.

make distclean
cd ..
tar jcvf textures-0.0.1.tar.bz2 textures-0.0.1

Create spec file

MeeGo recommends to use Spectacle to either create MeeGo spec file or convert existing spec file to MeeGo spec file.

Install Spectacle

• On MeeGo platform or MeeGo chroot environment, you can install it directly.

yum install python-cheetah
yum install spectacle

• On Linux Host machine, you can refer to Spectacle Installation.

Create YAML package meta-data file

Spectacle uses a package meta-data file as the input to generate MeeGo spec file. The meta-data file is in YAML format. Spectacle defines specific Syntax of Spectacle YAML.

• We create the textures.yaml in the $workspace/ folder

vi $workspace/textures.yaml

with following contents:

Name: spectacleName: textures
Summary: Qt Demo - OpenGL Textures
Version: 0.0.1
Release: 1
Group: Development/Tools
License: LGPLv2.1
URL: http://qt.nokia.com
Sources:
    - "%{name}-%{version}.tar.bz2"
Description: Qt Demo OpenGL Textures 

PkgConfigBR:
    - QtCore >= 4.6.0
    - QtOpenGL
    - QtGui
Configure: none
Builder: none
Files:
    - /usr/bin/textures
    - /usr/share/applications/*.desktop
    - /usr/share/icons/*.png

• An YAML file can also be created from an existing spec file:

spec2spectacle package_name.spec

• See Spectacle Usage for details.

Generate spec file from YAML meta-data file

With the YAML file, the spec file can be easily generated:

specify textures.yaml

The generated $workspace/textures.spec file is:

# 
# Do not Edit! Generated by:
# spectacle version 0.15
# 
# >> macros
# << macros

Name:       textures
Summary:    Qt Demo - OpenGL Textures
Version:    0.0.1
Release:    1
Group:      Development/Tools
License:    LGPLv2.1
URL:        http://qt.nokia.com
Source0:    %{name}-%{version}.tar.bz2
Source100:  textures.yaml
Requires(post): desktop-file-utils
Requires(post): /bin/touch
Requires(postun): desktop-file-utils
BuildRequires:  pkgconfig(QtCore) >= 4.6.0
BuildRequires:  pkgconfig(QtOpenGL)
BuildRequires:  pkgconfig(QtGui)
BuildRequires:  desktop-file-utils 

%description
Qt Demo OpenGL Textures


%prep
%setup -q -n %{name}-%{version}

# >> setup
# << setup

%build
# >> build pre
# << build pre


# >> build post
# << build post
%install
rm -rf %{buildroot}
# >> install pre
# << install pre

# >> install post
# << install post
desktop-file-install --delete-original       \
  --dir %{buildroot}%{_datadir}/applications             \
   %{buildroot}%{_datadir}/applications/*


%post
/bin/touch --no-create %{_datadir}/icons/hicolor || :
%{_bindir}/gtk-update-icon-cache \
  --quiet %{_datadir}/icons/hicolor 2> /dev/null|| :
update-desktop-database %{_datadir}/applications &> /dev/null || :

%postun
/bin/touch --no-create %{_datadir}/icons/hicolor || :
%{_bindir}/gtk-update-icon-cache \
  --quiet %{_datadir}/icons/hicolor 2> /dev/null|| :
update-desktop-database %{_datadir}/applications &> /dev/null || :


%files
%defattr(-,root,root,-)
/usr/bin/textures
/usr/share/applications/*.desktop
/usr/share/icons/*.png
# >> files
# << files

• Modify the textures.spec to add qt build in "build pre" and "install post" sections.

Note: In textures.yaml, we put "none" for the "Builder" option since the spectacle v0.15 does not support qt build well so we have to manually change the textures.spec. That limitation has been fixed in latest spectacle, which however is not included in MeeGo 1.0.

# >> build pre
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/lib/qt4/bin
qmake-qt4
# << build pre

# >> install post
make INSTALL_ROOT=%{buildroot} install
# << install post

Build rpm in MeeGo SDK chroot

For application developers, they may want to create package directly from the MeeGo SDK chroot environment. It's quite easy to use rpmbuild to do that.

• Enter MeeGo SDK chroot environment

• Install rpmbuild and MeeGo rpm build configuration

yum install rpmbuild
yum install meego-rpm-config

• Copy source code and spec file to right place

cp textures-0.0.1.tar.bz2 ~/rpmbuild/SOURCES/
cp textures.yaml ~/rpmbuild/SOURCES/
cp textures.spec ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/

• Generate rpm package

cd ~/rpmbuild/SPECS
rpmbuild -ba textures.spec

Then the rpm packages will be generated at:

~/rpmbuild/RPMS/i586/textures-0.0.1-1.i586.rpm
~/rpmbuild/SRPMS/textures-0.0.1-1.src.rpm

• Verify the rpm package

cd ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/i586/
yum localinstall --nogpgcheck textures-0.0.1-1.i586.rpm

Then you can start the MeeGo SDK simulator and find QtDemoTextures in applications->Programming. Click it and run.

• More about rpmbuild can be found at rpmbuild

Build rpm without chroot or OBS

For people who do build or release, they may just want to build packages without the MeeGo SDK chroot environment. The following steps are useful for them.

Linux

Under Linux, a tool called "build" is used to create rpm packages directly from spec file.

• Install build on your Linux host machine. You can find the repo link and packages at MeeGo Tools Repo. Following Lnux distributions are supported

   * MeeGo
   * Fedora 10,11,12
   * openSUSE(s)    
   * xUbuntu 8.10/9.04/9.10
   * Debian 5.0   

• Create rpm package with build and spec file

sudo build --repository http://repo.meego.com/MeeGo/release/1.0/core/repo/ia32/os/ --arch i686 spectacle.spec

The packages will be generated at /var/tmp/build-root/home/abuild/rpmbuild/RPMS/ and /var/tmp/build-root/home/abuild/rpmbuild/SRPMS/ You may configure your http_proxy to make sure the repo can be accessed.

export http_proxy=http://proxy_server:port