SDK/Docs/1.1/在Linux平台开发进行MeeGo SDK开发

Revision as of 15:39, 12 January 2011

This page describes how to install and configure the MeeGo 1.1 SDK on your Linux development system. 本文介绍如何在Linux系统中安装和配置MeeGo 1.1 SDK。

准备/约定

• 硬件: 任一较新款的处理器, 比如32位的Intel Atom 或者 Intel Core 2 CPU. 为使用QEMU 需要将MeeGo运行在虚拟机中，为此你的系统必须支持虚化技术 (术语Virtualization Technology,或者说VT). 清参考图形加速获取更多信息.
• 软件: MeeGo 1.1 SDK 已经在32位Fedora 12, [Fedora 13, Ubuntu 9.10, 和 Ubuntu 10.04 LTS进行验证. 对于其它主机操作系统的支持情况请访问this page.
• Root 权限: 安装 SDK 需要你具备root权限. 在执行需要root权限的命令时，通常都会在命令前冠以"sudo"的前缀. 为了方便, 最好为你的登录用户增加可以执行"sudo"命令的权限，这样可以方便的在root权限和普通用户权限之间进行切换,(可参考 sudo的帮助页.)
• 命令: 本文给出的命令例子都会以"$"指示."$"不是命令的一部分，在终端输入命令时请不要输入字符"$".

为你的发行版配置软件库安装源

On Ubuntu or Debian

1. 将下面文本行加入到/etc/apt/sources.list.d/meego-sdk.list中.
   根据你的操作系统和版本，将${distribution}/${version}替换成以下字串: "debian/5.0", "ubuntu/09.10", "ubuntu/10.04" or "ubuntu/10.10".

   deb http://repo.meego.com/MeeGo/sdk/host/repos/${distribution}/${version}/ / 

2. 为软件仓库增加公钥:

   $ gpg --keyserver pgpkeys.mit.edu --recv 0BC7BEC479FC1F8A
   $ gpg --export --armor 0BC7BEC479FC1F8A | sudo apt-key add -

3. 更新软件源:

   $ sudo apt-get update

4. 如想测试软件源是否正确被添加, 请运行以下命令测试. 正常的情况会在屏幕上打印出MADDE包的详细信息.

   $ apt-cache policy madde

On Fedora

1. Go to the yum repository directory:

   $ cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ 

2. Add the MeeGo SDK yum repository.
   Replace ${distribution}/${version} with one of the following: "fedora/12" or "fedora/13".

   $ sudo wget http://repo.meego.com/MeeGo/sdk/host/repos/${distribution}/${version}/meego-sdk.repo

3. Install the signing key:

   $ sudo rpm --import http://repo.meego.com/MeeGo/sdk/host/repos/${distribution}/${version}/repodata/repomd.xml.key 

4. Update the packages database:

   $ sudo yum update

On MeeGo

• To add the MeeGo SDK repository on a system running MeeGo, run the following command.
  Replace ${distribution}/${version} with one of the following values: "meego/1.1" or "meego/trunk".

  $ sudo zypper addrepo -f http://repo.meego.com/MeeGo/sdk/host/repos/${distribution}/${version}/meego-sdk.repo

On openSUSE

• To add the MeeGo repository, run the following command.
  Replace ${distribution}/${version} with one of the following values: "opensuse/11.2" or "opensuse/11.3".

  $ sudo zypper addrepo -f http://repo.meego.com/MeeGo/sdk/host/repos/${distribution}/${version}/meego-sdk.repo

Installing the MeeGo SDK

• Debian / Ubuntu

  $ sudo apt-get install meego-sdk

• Fedora

  $ sudo yum install meego-sdk

• OpenSUSE / MeeGo

  $ sudo zypper install meego-sdk

For ARM only:

• Debian / Ubuntu

  $ sudo apt-get install meego-sdk-armv7l

• Fedora

  $ sudo yum install meego-sdk-armv7l

• OpenSUSE / MeeGo

  $ sudo zypper install meego-sdk-armv7l

For IA32 only:http://wiki.meego.com/SDK/Docs/1.1/Configuring_QEMU_runtimes

• Debian / Ubuntu

  $ sudo apt-get install meego-sdk-ia32

• Fedora

  $ sudo yum install meego-sdk-ia32

• OpenSUSE / MeeGo

  $ sudo zypper install meego-sdk-ia32

Install MeeGo Target

A Target is used to build programs using the MeeGo toolchain and libraries (sysroot). It is downloaded as a large (~250MB) .bz2 file using the commands below. MADDE (MeeGo Application Develop and Debug Environment (background)) is a tool that assists in the download and installation of the Target. "mad-admin" is the MADDE command-line tool. You can install multiple Targets and switch easily between them in Qt Creator (described later).

1. Create a MeeGo target using MADDE
   Run the command below. Replace <target> with one of
   • meego-core-armv7l-1.1.2: Build applications for ARM handheld devices (such as N900)
   • meego-handset-ia32-1.1.2: Build applications for x86 handheld devices (such as Aava)
   • meego-netbook-ia32-1.1.2: Build applications for x86 netbooks.
   Note that the -f flag instructs MADDE to download the Target tarball (bz2) first.

   $ sudo mad-admin create -f <target> 

   If you encounter problems, check the Troubleshooting page

2. To check that the target has been installed correctly, run the following.
   Replace <target> with one of the values described in the previous step

   $ mad -t <target> pscreate -t qt-simple qthello
   $ cd qthello
   $ mad -t <target> qmake
   $ mad -t <target> make
   

   Note: Running qmake will print "-unix is deprecated" This is not an error with the compilation. You can safely ignore this for now.

3. To check that the qt-simple application is created for the correct target, run:

   $ file build/qthello

Install MeeGo Runtime

A Runtime is the MeeGo OS image that is run with QEMU when debugging applications on your host system. It is not required if you develop against real hardware running MeeGo. It is downloaded as a large (~650MB) .bz2 file using MADDE. The Runtime is not needed until you have finished configuring Qt Creator. However, as this step may take some time, it is recommended to start it now so that it can proceed in the background while you continue following the steps on this page.

See Downloading a Runtime and Using QEMU

Configuring Qt Creator to use the MeeGo toolchain(s)

Start Qt Creator by selecting Applications > Programming > Qt Creator.

Configure Qt Creator to use the MeeGo toolchain(s):

1. Go to Tools > Options > Qt4 > Qt Versions.
2. On the right side of the Qt Versions view, click on the plus sign button to add a new version.

   A blank, new version appears in the Qt Versions view.

3. On the Version Name line, specify a name for the new version.
4. On the qmake location line, specify a qmake location for the new version. The toolchain installs by default to usr/lib/madde/linux-i686/targets/<target>/bin/qmake.
5. Click Rebuild, Apply and OK.

Adding the MeeGo toolchain(s) in Qt Creator

Using the MeeGo SDK Qt version

It is also possible to use Qt Creator without a MeeGo toolchain. This option can be useful if you don't need to cross-compile your software: for example, if you are doing QML development with no use of C++.

The steps are the same as above, but the qmake location is set to the qmake installed with the meego-sdk-qt libraries. The usual location for this on Linux is:

/opt/meego/meego-sdk-qt/bin/qmake

Note: On Ubuntu 10.10, you may need to install g++ in order for this step to work. If necessary, do this:

$ sudo apt-get install g++

Developing with the SDK

To start developing with the MeeGo SDK, the hello world tutorial is a good starting point.

This tutorial covers how to start a project, package it, and deploy it to a device (either a real device, or a QEMU runtime set up through MADDE).

Removing components

On Ubuntu

To remove installed components, run:

$ sudo apt-get remove --purge meego-sdk-qtcreator madde qt-tools arm-2009q1 qemu-arm qemu-gl meego-sdk-i586-toolchain meego-qemu meego-sdk-qt

To remove dependencies related to installed components, run:

$ sudo apt-get autoremove

To remove MADDE directory (it is not automatically removed when "madde" package is uninstalled):

$ sudo rm -rf /usr/lib/madde

To remove the packages from your local repository (/var/cache/apt/archives/), run:

$ sudo apt-get clean

On Fedora

To remove installed components, run:

$ sudo yum remove meego-sdk-qt-creator madde qt-tools arm-2009q1 qemu-arm qemu-gl meego-sdk-i586-toolchain meego-qemu

To remove MADDE directory:

$ sudo rm -rf /usr/lib/madde

On openSUSE

To remove installed components, run:

$ sudo zypper remove -u meego-sdk-qt-creator madde qt-tools arm-2009q1 qemu-arm qemu-gl meego-sdk-i586-toolchain meego-qemu

To remove MADDE directory:

$ sudo rm -rf /usr/lib/madde

本文的其它语言版本

• Getting_started_with_the_MeeGo_SDK_for_Linux - English
• Memulai dengan SDK Meego untuk Linux - Bahasa Indonesia